INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND EDUCATION
(ICDRRE 2014)
ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND EDUCATION
(ICDRRE 2014)
STRENGTHENING COMMUNITY RESILIENCY TO DISASTER
THROUGH DISASTER EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT
THROUGH DISASTER EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT
Organized by Master’s Program in Non-formal Education Education
Graduate School, Yogyakarta State University
and Faculty of Education, Yogyakarta State University
Graduate School, Yogyakarta State University
and Faculty of Education, Yogyakarta State University
BACKGROUND
Disaster management process in some countries is still facing some difficulties due to the large number of victims and the damage of infrastructures and environments. These are caused by several problems such as lack of effectiveness in emergency response and recovery, lack of understanding in prevention and risk reduction, and lack of community participation in disaster management process. Efforts to overcome the problems encourage the emergence of a new idea about the disaster management process needed to be conducted as an integrated risk reduction process. The disaster management should be considered as an activity which has a characteristic that is not focused on the aspect of emergency response but more on the whole risk management. This gives an understanding that prevention and mitigation, referred as active disaster management, are not less important than the rehabilitation and reconstruction, known as passive disaster management.
Disaster management process in some countries is still facing some difficulties due to the large number of victims and the damage of infrastructures and environments. These are caused by several problems such as lack of effectiveness in emergency response and recovery, lack of understanding in prevention and risk reduction, and lack of community participation in disaster management process. Efforts to overcome the problems encourage the emergence of a new idea about the disaster management process needed to be conducted as an integrated risk reduction process. The disaster management should be considered as an activity which has a characteristic that is not focused on the aspect of emergency response but more on the whole risk management. This gives an understanding that prevention and mitigation, referred as active disaster management, are not less important than the rehabilitation and reconstruction, known as passive disaster management.
Besides developing a cyclical process
which consists of prevention-emergency
response-rehabilitation-reconstruction in the disaster management
process, the disaster risk reduction gives portion to the community to
participate more actively in doing mitigation or disaster risk
reduction. The disaster management activities are not only the program
for government, but also for the community in general. Communities are
not merely objects; they are also positioned as the subjects, objects,
and main targets in the program. In this context, the disaster
management is intended to improve the capacity and participation of the
community to engage actively in managing and reducing disaster risk,
especially in the prevention process. It means that the factors of
success in reducing disaster risk will be the responsibility of all
members of society.
Community participation in disaster risk
reduction can be measured from the readiness and resiliency in facing
disaster. Vulnerability and resiliency of individuals and communities
will be an indicator for the success of the risk reduction. Disaster
risk is defined as a result of interaction between the threat of hazards
and the vulnerability level. The threat of hazard is an independent
variable as the result of the dynamic natural process, while the
vulnerability level is a dependent variable that can increase or
decrease depending on the ability of community members in facing
disaster. The higher the hazard, vulnerability, and incapability, the
greater the risk that should be faced by the communities. To reduce the
risk of disaster, the dependent variable should be increased by reducing
vulnerability and enhancing capabilities.
To reduce vulnerability and at the same
time increase capability that will result in resiliency, each family
member is required to be able to recognize various threats that exist in
their environment, to reduce potential threats and vulnerability that
may happen in their environment, and to increase their ability
independently to face any threat. Therefore, each family member will
have a central role to create community resiliency and is required to
understand hazard, vulnerability, disaster risk, and their triggering
factors. The risk reduction management can be implemented optimally if
every member of the community can reduce disaster risk by knowing
thoroughly the potential hazards, level of vulnerability, disaster risk,
and triggering factors. Therefore, the approach to managing disaster
risk reduction becomes important and corresponds to encourage awareness
of every person to reduce hazards and vulnerability and to improve the
ability to deal with danger.
There are some problem that arise then.
How does each member of the family and community know the hazard
potential, level of vulnerability, disaster risk, and their triggering
factors that may occur in their environment? How can each member of the
community be able to reduce the threat potential and vulnerability that
may occur in their environment and to improve their ability
independently to face each threat? Is disaster education for community
can be one alternative solution to help people realize those issues?
Education (formal, non-formal or informal) is one of the important
elements in improving community resiliency to disaster. How can it be
planned and realized? The question becomes a small part of many issues
that will arise in implementing disaster management as a process of
disaster risk reduction. Based on the questions mentioned, the
international seminar is organized to give contribution in the forms of
ideas related to disaster risk reduction process through the development
of disaster education
